TCP vs. IP: Understanding the Key Differences
When it comes to networking and the internet, two terms frequently come up: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol). These are fundamental protocols that enable communication between devices over the internet. However, they serve different purposes
Understanding BGP Hold Timers
At its core, a Hold Timer in BGP refers to the duration a BGP speaker (router) will wait for updates from its peer before considering the connection as possibly down. It’s a timeout mechanism that ensures BGP routers stay synchronized …
Navigating the Complexity of Full BGP Routes: A Deep Dive into Border Gateway Protocol
In networking and internet connectivity, the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) stands out as a crucial protocol responsible for routing data packets across the vast expanse of the internet. At the heart of BGP lies the concept of routing tables, and …
Understanding BGP Route Reflection: Simplifying Scalable Network Designs
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a crucial component in the routing world, particularly in large-scale networks where scalability and efficient routing are paramount. In the context of expansive networks, BGP Route Reflection emerges as a fundamental technique to alleviate the …
Unveiling the Versatile Applications of VXLAN in Modern Networking
VXLAN, standing for Virtual Extensible LAN, offers many applications that cater to the evolving needs of modern networking paradigms. 1. Data Center Interconnectivity VXLAN plays a pivotal role in connecting geographically dispersed data centers. Encapsulating Layer 2 Ethernet frames within …
Networking Basics: What is a subnet mask?
In simple terms, a subnet mask is a 32-bit numeric address that delineates the network portion of an IP address from the host portion. It works in conjunction with IP addresses to divide a large network into smaller, more manageable …
Understanding BGP Attribute Local Preference
Local Preference is a BGP attribute that is pivotal in influencing route selection within an autonomous system (AS). Each BGP router within an AS assigns a Local Preference value to incoming BGP routes. This value indicates the preference for routes …
iBGP vs eBGP: Understanding the Differences
In the intricate world of routing protocols, the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) stands as a pillar, facilitating the exchange of routing information between different networks on the internet. Within BGP, two fundamental variations exist: Internal BGP (iBGP) and External BGP …
Understanding the BGP No-Export Attribute
The “no-export” attribute in BGP is a configuration option applied to specific routes to restrict their propagation beyond an autonomous system’s (AS) boundaries. In the realm of BGP, ASes are individual networks or a collection of IP prefixes under a …
What is TCAM memory in a router? and is it still needed?
Many higher-end routers have a specialized type of memory known as TCAM (Ternary Content Addressable Memory). In this post, I will explain the intricacies of TCAM memory in routers, exploring what it is, how it works, and its critical role …